Thyroid disorders, including hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, frequently coexist with diabetes and can significantly affect glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity. Hypothyroidism may slow metabolism and exacerbate dyslipidemia, while hyperthyroidism can increase hepatic glucose production and insulin resistance, complicating glycemic control. Early screening for thyroid dysfunction in diabetic patients is crucial to identify imbalances and implement timely interventions. Management involves coordinated care, including thyroid hormone replacement or suppression therapy alongside optimized diabetes treatment. Addressing both conditions concurrently ensures better metabolic outcomes, reduces the risk of complications, and improves overall patient well-being. Comprehensive monitoring and individualized therapy are key to maintaining both glycemic stability and thyroid health.
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