Understanding the health economics of diabetes care is essential for optimizing resource allocation, improving patient outcomes, and ensuring sustainable healthcare delivery. Economic analyses evaluate the costs associated with prevention, treatment, complications, and long-term management of both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. Cost-effectiveness studies help identify interventions—such as lifestyle programs, pharmacological therapies, and digital health tools—that provide the greatest clinical benefit per expenditure. By integrating health economic insights into policy-making and clinical decision-making, healthcare systems can prioritize interventions that reduce complications, enhance quality of life, and maintain fiscal sustainability. Effective application of health economics in diabetes care supports evidence-based strategies that balance cost, quality, and patient-centered outcomes.