Autoimmune mechanisms play a central role in the development of Type 1 diabetes, characterized by immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic beta cells. The presence of autoantibodies and T-cell–mediated immune responses contributes to progressive loss of insulin production, leading to hyperglycemia. Understanding the immunopathology of diabetes has guided the development of novel therapies, including immunomodulatory treatments and vaccines aimed at preserving residual beta-cell function. Early identification of autoimmune markers enables timely intervention and personalized management strategies. Research into autoimmunity in diabetes continues to uncover molecular pathways and potential targets for prevention, offering hope for more effective therapeutic and preventive approaches in Type 1 diabetes.
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