Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age, characterized by hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction, and polycystic ovarian morphology. Women with PCOS are at increased risk of developing insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, and Type 2 diabetes. Early identification of metabolic risk factors, including obesity, dyslipidemia, and elevated fasting glucose, is essential to implement preventive and therapeutic strategies. Management includes lifestyle interventions such as diet modification, regular physical activity, and weight optimization, complemented by pharmacological treatments like insulin sensitizers when indicated. Regular monitoring and individualized care can reduce the progression to diabetes, improve reproductive and metabolic outcomes, and enhance overall health in women with PCOS.
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