Diabetic nephropathy is a serious microvascular complication of diabetes, leading to progressive kidney damage and increased risk of end-stage renal disease. Recent research focuses on early detection through novel biomarkers, imaging techniques, and risk stratification tools, enabling timely interventions. Advances in pharmacological therapies, including SGLT2 inhibitors, ACE inhibitors, ARBs, and emerging renoprotective agents, have shown promise in slowing disease progression. Glycemic and blood pressure control remain fundamental, complemented by lifestyle modifications such as dietary management, weight optimization, and exercise. Ongoing studies explore regenerative therapies, anti-inflammatory agents, and precision medicine approaches tailored to individual patient risk profiles. By integrating these latest research insights, healthcare providers can enhance prevention, optimize treatment, and improve outcomes for patients with diabetic nephropathy.
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